Iraq

Overview

Selected documents:

United Nations
European Union
UK legislation
Releases

Regime list

Iraq current regime list (html)
Last updated: 21 February 2013

Overview

The UN Security Council imposed sanctions against the Republic of Iraq in August 1990 following Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait.

UN Security Council Resolution 1483 (2003) of 22 May 2003, amongst other matters, lifted all trade sanctions against Iraq except for the arms embargo; replaced the existing assets freeze with a freeze targeted at all Government of Iraq funds and all funds belonging to Saddam Hussein, senior members of his regime and their immediate family members; and required that such funds be transferred to the Development Fund for Iraq.

Selected Documents

United Nations

15.12.2010 UN Security Council Resolution 1956 (2010) (PDF 33KB)
Decided, amongst other matters, that after 30 June 2011 the requirement in paragraph 20 of UNSCR 1483 (2003) that all proceeds from export sales of petroleum, petroleum products and natural gas from Iraq be deposited into the Development Fund for Iraq shall no longer apply.
21.12.2009 UN Security Council Resolution 1905 (2009) (PDF 34KB)
Extended until 31 December 2010 arrangements in paragraph 20 of UNSCR 1483 (2003) for the depositing into the Development Fund for Iraq of proceeds from export sales of petroleum, petroleum products and natural gas and decided that the provisions of paragraph 22 of UNSCR 1483 (2003) should continue to apply until that date, including with respect to funds and financial assets and economic resources described in paragraph 23 of UNSCR 1483 (2009).
24.11.2003 UN Security Council Resolution 1518 (2003) (PDF 21KB)
Established a committee to continue to identify individuals and entities pursuant to UNSCR 1483 (2003).
22.05.2003 UN Security Council Resolution 1483 (2003) (PDF 58KB)
Lifted the sanctions imposed against the Republic of Iraq by UNSCR 661 (1990) and subsequent resolutions. An arms embargo remained in place.
Introduced sanctions targeted at the funds of the previous Government of Iraq, its state bodies, corporations or agencies located outside of Iraq as of the date of the resolution, Saddam Hussein, other senior officials of the former Iraqi regime and their immediate families, including entities owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by them or persons acting on behalf of or at their direction.
Established a Development Fund for Iraq to receive targeted funds as well as funds from the sale of oil. Funds would be disbursed at the discretion of the Coalition Provisional Authority in consultation with the Iraqi interim administration for humanitarian, reconstruction, disarmament and civilian administration purposes. The “Oil for Food” programme would be terminated six months from the date of the resolution.
14.04.1995 UN Security Council Resolution 986 (1995) (PDF 17KB)
Established the “Oil for Food” programme to provide for the humanitarian needs of the Iraqi people. Again proposed allowing the partial resumption of Iraq’s oil exports to generate revenue to buy humanitarian supplies.
02.10.1992 UN Security Council Resolution 778 (1992) (PDF 197KB)
Instructed member states in which there were unencumbered funds of the Government of Iraq, or its state bodies, corporations or agencies that represented the proceeds of Iraqi oil exported prior to 6 August 1990, but paid for by or on behalf of the purchaser on or after 6 August 1990, to transfer those funds into the UN escrow account. These funds would be used to pay for compensation and humanitarian needs.
15.08.1991 UN Security Council Resolution 706 (1991) (PDF 190KB)
Proposed that Iraq be allowed to sell a limited amount of oil to pay for reparations and humanitarian needs in Iraq. An escrow account would be set up under the administration of the UN into which revenue from the sale of oil could be paid.
02.03.1991 UN Security Council Resolution 686 (1991) (PDF 184KB)
Removed sanctions against Kuwaiti funds and assets. Demanded that Iraq met the conditions of all previous resolutions, ceased hostile actions and returned all stolen Kuwaiti property.
06.08.1990 UN Security Council Resolution 661 (1990) (PDF 180KB)
Imposed comprehensive sanctions on Iraq, including a freeze of the assets of Iraq and Kuwait. Established the 661 Committee to monitor the implementation of sanctions.
02.08.1990 UN Security Council Resolution 660 (1990) (PDF 87KB)
Stated that there had been a breach of international peace and security resulting from Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait and called for Iraqi forces to withdraw immediately from Kuwait.

European Union

14.02.2011 Council Regulation (EU) No. 131/2011 (PDF 698KB)
In accordance with UNSCR 1956 (2010), extended until 30 June 2011 the provision in UNSCR 1483 (2003) for the depositing into the Development Fund of Iraq of proceeds from export sales of petroleum, petroleum products and natural gas from Iraq, and arrangements concerning immunity from legal proceedings of certain Iraqi assets.
01.03.2010 Council Regulation (EU) No. 168/2010 (PDF 696KB)
In accordance with UNSCR 1905 (2009), extended until 31 December 2010 the provision in UNSCR 1483 (2003) for the depositing into the Development Fund of Iraq of proceeds from export sales of petroleum, petroleum products and natural gas from Iraq, and arrangements concerning immunity from legal proceedings of certain Iraqi assets.
05.03.2009 Council Regulation (EC) No. 175/2009 (PDF 31KB)
In accordance with UNSCR 1859 (2008), extended until 31 December 2009 the provision in UNSCR 1483 (2003) for the depositing into the Development Fund of Iraq of proceeds from export sales of petroleum, petroleum products and natural gas from Iraq, and arrangements concerning immunity from legal proceedings of certain Iraqi assets.
23.05.2006 Commission Regulation (EC) No. 785/2006 (PDF 36KB)
Amended Council Regulation (EC) No 1210/2003.
03.08.2004 Council Regulation (EC) No. 1412/2004 (PDF 32KB)
Amended Council Regulation (EC) No 1210/2003.
09.06.2004 Commission Regulation (EC) No. 1086/2004 (PDF 38KB)
Amended Council Regulation (EC) No 1210/2003.
14.05.2004 Commission Regulation (EC) No. 979/2004 (PDF 64KB)
Amended Council Regulation (EC) No 1210/2003.
29.04.2004 Commission Regulation (EC) No. 924/2004 (PDF 96KB)
Amended Council Regulation (EC) No 1210/2003.
02.12.2003 Commission Regulation (EC) No. 2119/2003 (PDF 77KB)
Amended Council Regulation (EC) No 1210/2003.
13.10.2003 Council Regulation (EC) No. 1799/2003 (PDF 101KB)
Amended Council Regulation (EC) No 1210/2003.
07.07.2003 Council Regulation (EC) No 1210/2003 (PDF 253KB)
Implemented UNSCR 1483 (2003) in the EC. Replaced Council Regulation (EC) No 2465/96. Council Regulation (EEC) No 3541/92 to remain in force.
17.12.1996 Council Regulation (EC) No 2465/1996 (PDF 80KB)
Adapted EC legislation re UNSCR 986 (1995) concerning the ”Oil for Food” programme. Replaced Council Regulation (EEC) No 2340/90.
07.12.1992 Council Regulation (EEC) No 3541/1992 (PDF 81KB)
Prohibited the satisfying of Iraqi claims with regard to contracts and transactions the performance of which was affected by UNSCR 661 (1990) and related resolutions.
08.08.1990 Council Regulation (EEC) No 2340/1990 (PDF 76KB)
Implemented the trade-related restrictive measures in UNSCR 661 (1990) in the EU.

UK legislation

02.07.2012 The Iraq (Asset Freezing) Regulations 2012 (SI 2012/1489) (PDF 73KB)
21.07.2004 The Iraq (UN Sanctions) Order 2000 (Amendment No 2) Regulations 2004 (SI 2004/1779) (PDF 44KB)
Amendment to the Iraq (UN Sanctions) Order 2000 (SI 2000/3241) and The Iraq (UN Sanctions) Order 2000 (Amendment) Regulations 2004 (SI 2004/1660).
21.07.2004 The Iraq (UN Sanctions) Order 2000 (Amendment) Regulations 2004 (SI 2004/1660) (PDF 50KB)
Further amendment to the Iraq (UN Sanctions) Order 2000 (SI 2000/3241) to ensure that full effect was given in the UK to the provisions of Council Regulation (EC) No. 1210/2003.
13.07.2004 The Iraq (UN Sanctions) (Amendment) Order 2004 (SI 2004/1498) (PDF 63KB)
Further amendment to the Iraq (UN Sanctions) Order 2000 SI 2000/3241. Revoked various superseded provisions of the Iraq (UN Sanctions) Order 2003 (SI 2003/1519).
14.06.2003 The Iraq (UN Sanctions) Order 2003 (SI 2003/1519) (PDF 63KB)
Implemented UNSCR 1483 (2003) in the UK. Amended the Iraq (UN Sanctions) Order 2000 (SI 2000/3241). Revoked the Iraq and Kuwait (UN Sanctions) Order 1990 (SI 1990/1651), the Iraq and Kuwait (UN Sanctions) (No.2) Order 1990 (SI 1990/1987 and the Iraq (United Nations) (Sequestration of Assets) Order 1993 (SI 1993/1244).
22.05.2003 The Iraq (UN Sanctions) (Amendment) Order 2003 (SI 2003/1347) (PDF 42KB)
Revoked Article 1(2) of the Iraq (UN Sanctions) Order 2000 SI 2000/3241. This was to avoid the unintended possibility of the Order ceasing to have effect if the Security Council decided to cancel, amend or suspend the operation of UNSCR 661 (1990) in whole or in part, before new provisions could be given effect to under a further Order.
14.12.2000 The Iraq (UN Sanctions) Order 2000 (SI 2000/3241) (PDF 58KB)
Updated previous legislation giving effect to UNSCR 661 (1990) and prohibiting the making of funds available to the government of Iraq or persons resident in Iraq, and the remittance or removal of funds to Iraq from the UK.
14.12.2000 The Control of Gold, Securities, Payments and Credits (Republic of Iraq) (Revocation) Directions 2000 (SI 2000/3271) (PDF 32KB)
Revoked the Control of Gold, Securities, Payments and Credits (Republic of Iraq) Directions 1990 (SI 1990/1616).
24.05.1993 The Iraq (United Nations) (Sequestration of Assets) Order 1993 (SI 1993/1244) (PDF 157KB)
Gave effect to UNSCR 778 (1992) in the UK. Required the transfer of funds in the UK, to which specified Iraqi persons were entitled and which represented the proceeds of sale of Iraqi oil/oil products on or after 6 August 1990, to a UN escrow account. Funds already paid to a person entitled to them or subject to or required to satisfy third party rights at the time of the adoption of UNSCR 778 (1992) were exempt. Required the sale of oil/oil products in the UK to which specified Iraqi persons were entitled and the transfer of the proceeds to the escrow account.
13.03.1991 The Control of Gold, Securities, Payments and Credits (Kuwait) (Revocation) Directions 1991 (SI 1991/629) (PDF 106KB)
Revoked the Control of Gold, Securities, Payments and Credits (Kuwait) Directions 1990 (SI 1990/1591).
01.11.1990 The Iraq and Kuwait (UN Sanctions) (Second Amendment) Order 1990 (SI 1990/2144) (PDF 117KB)
Amended the Iraq and Kuwait (UN Sanctions) Order 1990 (SI 1990/1651).
30.08.1990 The Iraq and Kuwait (UN Sanctions) (Amendment) Order 1990 (SI 1990/1768) (PDF 125KB)
Amended the Iraq and Kuwait (UN Sanctions) Order 1990 (SI 1990/1651).
09.08.1990 The Iraq and Kuwait (UN Sanctions) Order 1990 (SI 1990/1651) (PDF 132KB)
Imposed restrictions pursuant to UNSCR 661 (1990), on the exportation of goods from Iraq and Kuwait and on supply of goods to Iraq and Kuwait, and certain related activities and dealings.
04.08.1990 The Control of Gold, Securities, Payments and Credits (Republic of Iraq) Directions 1990 (SI 1990/1616) (PDF 109KB)
Directions prohibiting any recipient in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man of an order from the government of or any person resident in Iraq from carrying out that order insofar as the order (a) requires the recipient to make any payment or to part with any gold or securities or (b) requires any change to be made in the persons to whose credit any sum is to stand or to whose order any gold or securities is to be held.
02.08.1990 The Control of Gold, Securities, Payments and Credits (Kuwait) Directions 1990 (SI 1990/1591) (PDF 108KB)
Directions prohibiting any recipient in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man of an order from the government of or any person resident in Kuwait from carrying out that order insofar as the order (a) requires the recipient to make any payment or to part with any gold or securities or (b) requires any change to be made in the persons to whose credit any sum is to stand or to whose order any gold or securities is to be held.

Releases

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